abstract According to Marx approach basic capitalism to communism capitalist central change the world Chinese civil society claim cognitive conception concerned concrete consciousness crises critical social theory critical theory Critique of Hegel’s dialectic dictatorship economic crisis Engels’s Feuerbach Fichte finite human formulated freedom further G. W. F. Hegel German idealism German Ideology grasp Habermas Hegel Hegel’s view hence historical materialism human flourishing Ibid idea idealist individual Kant Kant’s Kantian Karl Marx labor later Lenin Lukács Marx’s position Marx’s theory Marx’s view Marxian Marxian economic mind-independent modern industrial society nature object Paris Manuscripts People’s Phenomenology of Spirit Philosophy of Right Plato political economy practice private property problem production proletariat rate of profit realized relation revolution revolutionary Ricardo Rousseau social context suggests supposedly surplus value theme thinker tion trans transformation transition from capitalism understands University Press value theory Vico writings Young Hegelians