Photostabilization of Polymers: Priciples and Application

Front Cover
J.F. Rabek
Springer Science & Business Media, Dec 6, 2012 - Science - 596 pages
During the last two decades, the production of polymers and plastics has been increasing rapidly. In spite of developing new polymers and polymeric materials, only 40-60 are used commercially on a large scale. It has been estimated that half of the annual production of polymers is employed outdoors. Increasing the stability of polymers and plastics towards heat, light, atmospheric oxygen and other environmental agents and weathering conditions has always been a very important problem. The photochemical instability of most of polymers limits them to outdoor application, where they are photo degraded fast over periods ranging from months to a few years. To the despair of technologists and consumers alike, photodegrada tion and environmental ageing of polymers occur much faster than can be expected from knowledge collected in laboratories. In many cases, improved methods of preparation and purification of both monomers and polymers yield products of better quality and higher resistance to heat and light. However, without stabilization of polymers by applica tion of antioxidants (to decrease thermal oxidative degradation) and photostabilizers (to decrease photo-oxidative degradation) it would be impossible to employ polymers and plastics in everyday use.
 

Contents

Introduction to the Photooxidative Degradation
1
Antioxidants
19
Introduction to the Oxidative and Photo
42
2
79
Pigments
167
Photostabilizers
201
Hindered Amine Light Stabilizers HALS
279
PolymerBound Additives
357
Industrial Aspects of Polymer Stabilization
396
Experimental Methods in Polymer Degradation
430
References
504
Index
580
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