Monograph of the Collembola and Thysanura |
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Common terms and phrases
abdominal segment Achorutes allongé ambulans annulata Anoura antennæ antérieur apical Aptères arborea assez body bord Bourlet brun Campodea Campodea staphylinus caudal appendage cincta claw COLLEMBOLA corps côtés couleur Crustacea curvicollis Degeeria nivalis described deux Dicyrtoma Douai espèce eyes filets fimetaria France genera genus Gervais Helv Iapyx insects Isotoma jaune l'abdomen labium larvæ latéral Latreille legs length Lepidocyrtus Lepisma Lepismidæ Linn Linnæus Lipura longicornis longues longueur Lubbock Lucas Machilis mandibles maxillæ memoir mesothorax millim mouth muscles MYRIAPODA Nicolet Nicoletia nigra ocelli Orchesella organ Orthoptera pâle palpi Papirius pattes Plate plumbea Podura Podura aquatica Poduridæ poils polypoda postérieur posterior prothorax queue resemble saltatoire saltatory appendage Seira Smynthurus Smynthurus fuscus species specimens spiracles taches Templetonia tenent hairs terminal segment tête thorax THYSANURA Tomocerus plumbeus tracheæ Trans Tullberg villosa viridis دو دو دو دو وو وو دو وو وو
Popular passages
Page 109 - Then the female pretends to run away and the male " runs after her with a queer appearance of anger, gets " in front and stands facing her again ; then she turns " coyly round, but he, quicker and more active, scuttles " round too, and seems to whip her with his antennae ; " then for a bit they stand face to face, play with their " antennse, and seem to be all in all to one another.
Page 54 - This, however, is a rare case ; and it is possible that the principal use of the wings was, primordially, to enable the mature forms to pass from pond to pond, thus securing fresh habitats and perhaps avoiding in-and-in breeding. If so, the development of wings would tend to be relegated to a late period of life ; and by the tendency to the inheritance of characters at corresponding ages, to which Mr.
Page 42 - Arthropoda (Crustacea, Insecta, Myriopoda, and Arachnida) are indeed all branches of a common stem (and of this there can scarcely be a doubt), it is evident that the water-inhabiting and water-breathing Crustacea must be regarded as the original stem from which the other (terrestrial) classes, with their tracheal respiration, have branched off.
Page 56 - Beck, who has studied them carefully, and than whom no one is more competent to speak on the subject.
Page 51 - ... of the mouth in different directions. It will not be denied that the ten thousand variations in the mouth-parts of insects have special reference to the mode of life, and are of some advantage to the species in which they occur. Hence no believer in Natural Selection can doubt the possibility of the three cases above suggested...
Page 88 - The labrum is distinctly defined by a well-marked suture, and forms a squarish knoblike protuberance, and in size is quite large compared to the clypeus. From this time begins the process of degradation, when the insect assumes its thysanurous characters, which consist in an approach to the form of the myriapodous head. The front, or clypeal region, being reduced to a minimum, and the antennae and eyes brought in closer proximity to the mouth than in any other insects.
Page 51 - ... the silkworm. When, however, any considerable change was involved, this period of fasting would be prolonged, and would lead to the existence of a third condition, that of the pupa, intermediate between the other two. Since other changes are more conspicuous than those relating to the mouth, we are apt to associate the...
Page 50 - Collembola generally, in which the mandibles and maxillae are retracted, but, though far from strong, have some freedom of motion, and can be used for biting and chewing soft substances. This type is intermediate between the other two. Assuming that certain representatives of such a type found themselves in circumstances which made a suctorial mouth advantageous, those individuals would be favoured by natural selection in which the mandibles and maxillae...
Page 92 - ... must come into play. But these, by the same action, tend to bend the body forward on the legs, and if the body is to be kept straight, they must be neutralized by the action of the muscles of the buttocks and of the back.
Page 54 - If these views are correct, the genus Campodea must be regarded as a form of remarkable interest, since it is the living representative of a primaeval type from which not only the Collembola and Thysanura, but the other great orders of insects have all derived their origin.