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EXERCISES.

PART I.

EXERCISES IN PARSING.

CHAPTER I.

EXERCISES IN PARSING, AS IT RESPECTS ETYMOLOGY ALONE.

SECTION 1.

Etymological Parsing Table.

WHAT part of speech?

1. An Article.What kind? Why?

2. A Substantive-Common or proper? What gender? Number? Case? Why?

3. An adjective.-What degree of comparison? To what does it belong? Why an adjective?

4. A pronoun.-What kind? Person? Gender? Number? Case? Why?

5. A verb.-What kind? Mood? Tense? Number? Person? Why? If a participle, Why? Active or Passive? 6. An adverb.-Why is it an adverb?

7. A preposition.-Why a preposition?

8. A conjunction.-What kind? Why is it a conjunction? 9. An interjection.-Why?

SECTION 2.

Specimens of Etymological Parsing.

"Hope animates us."

Hope is a common substantive of the third person, in the singular number, and the nominative case. [Decline the subVOL. II.

Α

stantive.] Animates is a regular verb active, indicative mood, present tense, third person singular. [Repeat the present tense, the imperfect tense, and the perfect participle; and sometimes conjugate the verb entirely.] Us is a personal pronoun, first person plural, and in the objective case. [Decline the pronoun.

"A peaceful mind is virtue's reward.”

A is the indefinite article. Peaceful is an adjective. [Repeat the degrees of comparison.] Mind is a common substantive, of the third person, in the singular number, and the nominative case. [Decline the substantive.] Is is an irregular verb neuter, indicative mood, present tense, and the third person singular. [Repeat the present tense, the imperfect tense, and the participle; and occasionally conjugate the verb entirely.] Virtue's is a common substantive, of the third person, in the singular number, and the possessive case. [Decline the substantive.] Reward is a common substantive, of the third person, in the singular number, and the nominative case.

"Deliberate slowly, but execute promptly."

Deliberate is a regular verb neuter, in the imperative mood, and of the second person singular. Slowly is an adverb. But is a conjunction. Execute is a regular verb active, in the imperative mood, and of the second person singular. Promptly is an adverb.

"We should give to them that ask, and are in need.”

We is a personal pronoun, of the first person, the plural number, and in the nominative case. [Decline the pronoun.} Should give is an irregular verb active, in the potential mood, the imperfect tense, and the first person plural. To is a preposition. Them is a personal pronoun, of the third person, That is a relathe plural number, and in the objective case. tive pronoun. Ask is a regular verb active, indicative mood, present tense, third person plural. And is a copulative conjunction. A is an irregular verb neuter. In is a preposition. Need is a common substantive, of the neuter gender, the third person, and in the singular number.

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"O virtue! how amiable thou art!"

O is an interjection. the neuter gender, of the and the nominative case.

Virtue is a common substantive, of third person, in the singular number, How is an adverb. Thou is a per

sonal pronoun, of the second person, the singular number, and in the nominative case. [Decline the pronoun.] Art is an irregular verb neuter, indicative mood, present tense, and the second person singular.

SECTION 3.

Examples of all the parts of speech, of the cases of nouns and pronouns, the comparison of adjectives, and the moods and tenses of verbs.

1.

Article, Substantive, Adjective, Pronoun, and Verb.

A fragrant flower.
The verdant fields.
Peaceful abodes,
Fruit delicious.
A happier life.
A better world.

The sweetest incense.
The noblest prospect.
Virtue's fair form.
The good man's hope.
An affectionate parent.
An obedient son.
Charles is disinterested.
You respect him.
We completed our work.
Your hope has failed.
He had resigned himself.
Their fears will prevail.
You shall submit.

He will have determined.
We shall have agreed.
Let me depart.
Do you instruct him.
Prepare your lessons.
Let us improve ourselves.
They may offend.
I can forgive.

He might surpass them.
We could overtake him.
I would be happy.
You should repent.
He may have succeeded.

He might have failed.
We should have considered.
To see the sun is pleasant.
To have conquered himself
was a high praise.
Promoting others' good, we
advance our own.
He lives respected.

Having resigned his office, he retired.

They are discouraged.
He was condemned.
We have been rewarded.
She had been admired.
Virtue will be rewarded.
The person will have been ex-
ecuted, when the pardon ar-
rives.

Let him be animated.
Be you entreated.
It can be enlarged.
You may be discovered.
He might be convinced.
It would be caressed.
I may have been deceived.
He might have been lost.
To be trusted, we must be
virtuous.

To have been admired, availed him little.

Being reviled, we bless.

Ridiculed, despised, persecut ed, he maintained his principles.

Having been deserted, he became discouraged.

His esteem is my honour.
Every heart knows its own

sorrows.

Which was his work?
Hers is done, mine is not.

The sight being new, he start- Who can help us?

led.

Our hearts are deceitful,

2.

Whose books are these?
One may deceive one's self.

Adverb, Preposition, Conjunction, and Interjection.

I have seen him once, perhaps twice.

Thirdly, and lastly, I shall conclude.

This plant is found here, and
elsewhere.

Only to-day is properly ours.
The task is already performed.
We could not serve him then,

but we will hereafter.
He is much more promising

now than formerly.

We often resolve, but seldom perform,

We are wisely and happily directed.

He has certainly been diligent, and he will probably succeed.

Mentally and bodily, we are curiously and wonderfully formed.

They travelled

through France, in haste, towards Italy. From virtue to vice, the progress is gradual. By diligence and frugality, we

arrive at competency. We are often below our wish

es, and above our desert, Some things make for him, others against him.

By this imprudence, he was
plunged into new difficul-
ties.
Without the aid of charity,
he supported himself with
credit.

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On all occasions, she behaved with propriety.

We in vain look for a path

between virtue and vice. He lives within his income. The house was sold at a great price, and above its value. She came down stairs slowly,

but went briskly up again. His father, and mother, and uncle, reside at Rome. We must be temperate, if we

would be healthy.
He is as old as his classmate,
but not so learned.
Charles is esteemed, because
he is both discreet and be-
nevolent.

We will stay till he arrives.
He retires to rest soon, that
he may rise early.
We ought to be thankful, for

we have received much. Though he is often advised, yet he does not reform. Reproof either softens, or hardens its object.

Neither prosperity, nor adversity, has improved him. He can acquire no virtue, unless he make some sacrifi

ces.

Let him that standeth, take

heed lest he fall.

He will be detected, though

he deny the fact.

If he has promised, he should

act accordingly. If he were encouraged, he would amend. Though he condemn me, I

will respect him. Their talents are more bril

liant than useful. Notwithstanding his poverty, he is a wise and worthy person.

If our desires are moderate, our wants will be few.

Hope often amuses, but seldom satisfies us. Though he is lively, yet he is not volatile.

O peace! how desirable thou art!

I have been often occupied, alas! with trifles.

Strange! that we should be so infatuated.

O! the bumiliations to which vice reduces us. Hark! how sweetly the woodlark sings!

Ah! the delusions of hope. Behold! how pleasant it is for brethren to dwell together in unity!

Hail, simplicity! source of genuine joy.

Welcome again! my long lost friend.

SECTION 4.

A few instances of the same words constituting several of the parts of speech.

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