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PEMBROKE COLLEGE.

FOUNDED 1347, A.D.

THIS ancient College was founded and endowed by MAR DE ST PAUL, widow of Aymer de Valence, Earl of Pembroke.

This lady was the daughter of Guy de Chastillon, Earl St Paul in France, and of Mary of Bretagne, daughter of Joh de Dreux, Earl of Richmond, and Beatrice, sister to Kin Edward I. Having survived her husband for many years, sh devoted, during a long widowhood, her influence and her pro perty to the encouragement of Religion and Learning.

The Foundress in 1347 obtained from Edward III. a licenc for building the College, which still occupies its ancient place previously the sites of University Hostel, St Thomas's Hostel and of several other buildings. Having obtained a charter o incorporation from the King, enabling her to appoint thirty scholars or more, she appointed twenty-four fellows (scholares majores), six scholars (scholares minores), more or less, as the revenues should be augmented: she herself, it appears, having only provided for the endowment and maintenance of six fellows and two scholars. She ordained Statutes for the government of the College, to which, in memory of herself and her husband, she assigned the name of Valence-Mary; but it became almost immediately known by the appellation of Pembroke Hall.

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1439-1451. King Henry VI. was a most liberal benefactor to the College, so as to deserve to be considered a second founder. He was moved to favour the College by a petition from it representing that property, with which the College was originally endowed, had been much damaged by tides and floods, and so greatly diminished in value. In one of his Charters granting lands to this College, it is thus honourably designated: "Notabile et insigne et quam pretiosum Collegium, quod inter omnia loca Universitatis (prout certitudinaliter informamur) mirabiliter, Domino providente, splenduit et resplendet."

The annual revenue of the College as reported by the

Commissioners in the thirty-seventh year of the reign of King Henry VIII. was £171. 2s. 10d.

1480. Laurence Booth, Archbishop of York, and Lord High Chancellor, Master of the College, founded two Fellowships. 1519. Sir Philip Booth, Knt. brother of Charles Booth, Bishop of Hereford, gave some tenements in London, for the endowment of three Fellowships.

1568. One Exhibition was founded by John Holmes, for a scholar from Black rode School in Lancashire. The property from which the allowance arises, is vested in the Trustees of the School. The allowance is at present £65 a year.

1571. Thomas Watts, D.D. Prebendary of Westminster, and Archdeacon of Middlesex, gave estates at Ashwell and Sawston for the maintenance of seven Scholars, to be called by the name of "Greek Scholars." The rents and rent-charges from which these scholars receive their allowances, amount to £107.178.

1583. Archbishop Grindal, Master of the College from 1559 to 1562, founded three Scholarships, with a preference to natives of Cumberland and Westmorland educated at St Begh's School in Cumberland. The present allowance to each scholar

is £28 a year.

The Archbishop also founded one Fellowship, with the same privileges and advantages as appertain to a fellowship on the original foundation; and in case of its becoming vacant, a preference is to be given to one who has been a scholar from St Begh's School.

Archbishop Grindal gave special Statutes for the regulation of his fellowship and scholarships, which were sanctioned by Royal Letters patent in 1585.

1583. William Marshall, servant to Archbishop Grindal, gave an annual rent-charge of £3. 6s. 8d. to found one Exhibition.

1586. Jane Coxe, daughter of George Auder, alderman of Cambridge, widow of Dr Richard Coxe, Bishop of Ely, gave an annual payment of £3. 6s. 8d., out of her lands at Knapwell, to the Master and Fellows of Pembroke College, for the maintenance of a Scholar there, in perpetual remembrance of her

former husband, William Turner, M.D. sometime Fello and Dean of Wells. There is an entry in the accounts of t College for the year 1542, which states that Dr Ridley, t Master, and the Fellows, sent to Mr Turner the sum of 22s. 8 ex dono benevolentia,-probably to relieve his necessities wh he was in prison for preaching the Gospel.

1598. William Smart, alderman of Ipswich, left an esta to the College for the maintenance of two Scholars from th Free Grammar-school of Ipswich, and ordained that each sch lar should have an allowance of £3 per annum. The Colleg

• A few days only before his martyrdom at Oxford in 1555, Bishop Ridley wro his farewell, in which he thus took leave of the University of Cambridge an Pembroke College:

"Now that I have taken my leave of my countrymen and kinsfolks, and th Lord doth lend me life and giveth me leisure, I will bid my other good friends i God, of other places also, farewell. And whom first or before other, than th University of Cambridge? whereat I have dwelt longer, found more faithful an hearty friends, received more benefits, (the benefits of my natural parents only excepted,) than ever I did even in mine own native country wherein I was born. "Farewell therefore, Cambridge, my loving mother and tender nurse! If should not acknowledge thy manifold benefits, yea, if I should not for thy benefit at the least love thee again, truly I were to be accounted ungrate and unkind What benefits hadst thou ever, that thou usest to give and bestow upon thy best beloved children, that thou thoughtest too good for me? Thou didst bestow on me all thy school degrees: of thy common offices, the chaplainship of the University, the office of the proctorship, and of a common reader; and of thy private commodities, and emoluments in colleges, what was it that thou madest me not partner of? First, to be scholar, then fellow, and after my departure from thee thou calledst me again to a mastership of a right worshipful college. I thank thee, my loving mother, for all this thy kindness; and I pray God that his laws, and the sincere gospel of Christ, may ever be truly taught and faithfully learned in thee.

"Farewell, Pembroke Hall, of late mine own college, my cure, and my charge! What case thou art in now, God knoweth, I know not well. Thou wast ever named sithens I knew thee (which is now a thirty years ago,) to be studious, well learned, and a great setter forth of Christ's gospel and of God's true word: so I found thee, and, blessed be God! so I left thee indeed. Woe is me for thee, mine own dear college, if ever thou suffer thyself by any means to be brought from that trade. In thy orchard (the walls, butts, and trees, if they could speak, would bear me witness,) I learned without book almost all Paul's epistles, yea and, I ween, all the canonical epistles, save only the Apocalypse. Of which study, although in time a great part did depart from me, yet the sweet smell thereof, I trust, I shall carry with me into heaven: for the profit thereof I think I have felt in all my lifetime ever after; and I ween, of late (whether they abide there now or no I cannot tell,) there was that did the like. The Lord grant, that this zeal and love toward that part of God's word, which is a key and a true commentary to all holy Scripture, may ever abide in that college, so long as the world shall endure."

allows from its general funds to each of these Scholars £2 a year additional.

In default of claimants for these scholarships from Ipswich School, the College is authorized to bestow them on any deserving students.

Mr Smart also founded a Bye-fellowship, with a preference to those who have held the scholarships founded by him. It is endowed with a fixed perpetual stipend of £12, payable out of

an estate.

1601. Ralph Scrivener, Esq. by desire of Alice his wife, relict of William Smart, founded four Scholarships in addition to the two founded by Mr Smart. A preference is reserved in favour of students of the name of Scrivener or Daundy, next to students from the Free Grammar-school of Ipswich, and thirdly to students from the Grammar-school at Colchester. Each of these four Scholarships is endowed with a fixed annual allowance of £5, payable out of a rent-charge arising from lands at Bramford in Suffolk.

1617. Amy Livesey gave a rent-charge of £3 a year for an Exhibition, which was augmented by her son, Thomas Hobbs, Esq. of Gray's Inn, by an addition of £3 yearly.

1626. Lancelot Andrewes, D.D. formerly Master of the College and Bishop of Winchester, beside other benefactions, bequeathed to the College a sum of money, that they might maintain two more Fellows, and augment the allowances of the four senior "Greek Scholars," by an addition of 10s. yearly.

1639. Thomas James, Esq. of Ryegate in Surrey, gave a messuage to the College for the endowment of a "Greek Scholarship,” in addition to the seven founded by Dr T. Watts.

1675. Benjamin Lany, D.D. Bishop of Ely and Master of the College from 1630 to the Commonwealth, founded a Byefellowship. It is endowed with the dividend on £252, Old South Sea Annuities.

1677. Robert Mapletoft, D.D. Master of the College, and Dean of Ely, gave some lands for founding two Exhibitions, each of £4 per annum.

been doubled.

The value of these Exhibitions has

1688. William Moses, Serjeant at Law, Master of the

College in the time of the Commonwealth, bequeathed funds found Exhibitions for scholars educated at Christ's Hospit The number has varied according to the income. The allowa to each scholar was originally £14 a year, which has gradua been augmented to £50 a year. By an agreement in 18 made between the College and the Governors of Christ's H pital, and sanctioned and confirmed by the Court of Chance for the future, three Scholars are to be in the appointment of t College, coming from any school whatever; and the remaini four Scholarships are to be given by the Governors to studen from Christ's Hospital going to any college in Cambridge.

1748. William Simon Warren, formerly an Exhibition from Blackrode School, gave £100 to the College, the intere of which to be given as an exhibition to the student from Black rode School. The College allows £5 a year for this exhibition

1770. Roger Long, D.D. Master of the College, and ap pointed the first Lowndean Professor of Astronomy in 175 gave £200 Bank Annuities, for founding one Exhibition. It annual value is £6, and it is in the gift of the Master, wh always bestows it on a sizar.

1770. The Rev. Charles Parkin, M.A. Rector of Ox burgh, Norfolk, bequeathed funds for founding six Scholarships Five for superannuated students from Merchant Tailors' School London, and one for a student from the Grammar-school a Bowes in Yorkshire. The original allowance to each scholar was £30 a year, but by the continued investment of allowances not made, the College has gradually augmented each of them to £50 a year. They are tenable for seven years from admission if the scholar be resident. If there are no candidates properly qualified from these schools, the scholarships are at the free disposal of the Master.

The rules and conditions of these scholarships are set out in orders made by the Court of Chancery, April 27, 1773, and June 26, 1776.

The Court of Chancery has approved of a scheme regarding the scholarships appropriated to Merchant Tailors' School, similar to that above-mentioned respecting Christ's Hospital, but it is not yet confirmed (Oct. 1854).

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