a young fellow by the name of Armstrong who aspired to become a lawyer. He was a conceited sort of chap and did not hesitate to try to answer any question that might be asked him. He too went to another church on Sunday and when he returned the Judge asked him the same question he had me, "Did you learn anything new?" Armstrong promptly said, “No,” and when further questioned as to what the preacher said, told the Judge that the minister asserted that all persons would die, and proved it by saying that all persons heretofore had died. The Judge asked Armstrong if he believed the Bible. He answered, "Yes." "Well," said Judge Hunt, "how about Elijah? He did not die, but was taken alive to Heaven." This was a stumper for Armstrong, and then and there he determined that his vocation was not that of priest or lawyer.

Another most pathetic and amusing incident occurred in Bowling Green in the spring of 1858. Colonel James O. Broadhead was the owner of a negro man by the name of Estin. The two were about the same age and when boys, lived on a farm together and so grew to manhood. When Mr. Broadhead was married, about the year 1853, Estin became his property by virtue of a gift from the Colonel's mother. Estin never took his master seriously, but always regarded him as a fellow-associate. On this occasion, in 1858, Broadhead gave Estin orders which the latter would not obey. This brought on a dispute that resulted in a fist fight. I did not witness the combat, but was told that Estin got the better of it. Broadhead came to the office in a great rage and ordered me to find Ben Winn (a negro trader) and

tell him he wanted to see him. I complied with the order and Winn appeared. Broadhead recited the trouble he had had with Estin and wound up by engaging Winn to take Estin to St. Louis and sell him to the highest bidder.

The mode of conveyance between Bowling Green and Louisiana on the Mississippi River was by an omnibus driven by a man named Henry Wooten. Winn soon had Estin on top of the bus on the way to the river, where he was to take a boat for St. Louis. The bus left Bowling Green about 2:00 P. M., expecting to connect with the boat about six o'clock. It had just passed over the hill on the way to Louisiana, when Mr. Broadhead returned again to the office and with me went over all of the occurrences of the day with Estin.

No acting was ever seen on a stage surpassing that by Colonel Broadhead. In repeating the circumstances of the assault, he grew very angry and justified his course in selling the negro. He then quieted down and took the tender side of the controversy with himself. He spoke as if talking wholly to himself. Said he, "My mother gave me Estin, and I brought him to Pike County. She was always opposed to slavery and I do not believe that she, if alive, would approve of my selling him." He would then go back to the bitter assault that Estin made upon him and would try to justify himself in making the sale. Time and again he referred to his mother, and finally the good in him got the better and he turned to me, saying, "Have you got anything particular to do this afternoon?" I replied that I had nothing. He said, "Would you mind taking

your horse and going to Louisiana to tell Winn to send Estin back?" I said it would give me great pleasure to comply with his request. From that time until I mounted the horse and was off on a gallop to catch up with the bus, Mr. Broadhead was most impatient. I reached Louisiana shortly after the bus arrived and when I told the reason for my being there, Estin simply remarked, "I thought Marse Jeems would get sorry." Estin went back the next morning to Bowling Green and resumed his old position.

In 1859 Mr. Broadhead moved his family to St. Louis and took Estin with him. After the beginning of the Civil War and after several battles had been fought and lost by the Union forces, and the hopes of the Union men had been sorely tried, Estin suddenly appeared with a pack on his back and an old shot-gun on his shoulder before his master. Mr. Broadhead was greatly astonished, and said, "Estin, what are you going to do?" He replied, "Marse Jeems, I'm gwine to jine the army, for this war is not being carried on to suit me. And he did.

After the war and while Colonel Broadhead, in 1868, was making a political speech in Columbus, Ohio, Estin put in an appearance and affectionately greeted his old master.

Part of this story I was a witness to and the other part I got from Colonel Broadhead himself.

Both of them have passed to the next world where, in the sight of God, I believe all men stand upon an equal footing.

The Circuit Court began a term on the first Monday in March, 1858. Aylett H. Buckner was Judge,

James M. Martin, Clerk, and Mastin H. Arthur, Sheriff. The court was in session for about two weeks and several cases of importance were tried. There was a full attendance of lawyers from the county and elsewhere. Among them were James O. Broadhead, John B. Henderson, Ezra Hunt, N. P. Minor, Robert A. Campbell and others of Pike; Thomas L. Anderson, John D. S. Dryden and Gilchrist Porter of Marion; William Porter and A. V. McKee of Lincoln, and Uriel Wright of St. Louis. The latter was engaged in the defense of English, who was charged with the murder of Rhea at Louisiana. This was probably the most important case for trial. Mr. Broadhead was associated with Mr. Wright in the defense and Mr. Henderson was employed to assist the prosecuting attorney, Mr. Minor.

This was in fact a battle royal. The defendant and the deceased were each connected with influential families. English had stabbed Rhea in the heart. The surgeon who made the examination of Rhea after he died, was Dr. E. M. Bartlett. He was called as a witness by the State to describe the wound and to say whether it was fatal or not. In the course of the examination Bartlett unwrapped what he said was the heart of Rhea. Against this exhibition the defense vigorously protested. The Court sustained the objection and Bartlett was held to a description of the wound only. In the course of the argument, Mr. Broadhead denounced Bartlett in the severest terms for bringing the heart of Rhea into court, and characterized him as a "fiend in human shape."

This speech made Bartlett the bitter and implac

able enemy of Broadhead. The two never met until nearly thirty years after the occurrence. Mr. Broadhead and I went to Louisiana to see a very dear friend, Henry V. P. Block, who was lying dangerously ill. Dr. Bartlett was one of the attending physicians and came into the sick room while we were there. I introduced them to each other, and they then and there shook hands and were afterwards warm friends.

In this recital I have digressed from the trial and its results. The argument of Uriel Wright for the defense was a masterpiece of eloquence, and the closing argument for the State by Henderson was strong and seemingly convincing. After an absence of several hours, the jury returned with a verdict of guilty of manslaughter only, and a punishment of two years in the State Penitentiary. English was pardoned by the Governor before he reached the prison.

To a young student like myself (only twenty years old), this and other trials were of much worth. When the court was not in session old "Uncle Jimmie Martin," the Clerk, would regale me with the happenings in other cases at prior terms of the Court. He was a good man, and seemed to take quite an interest in me. He was ready at all convenient times to give me such information as he thought might be of benefit.

Martin related the history of another case tried at Bowling Green and he seemed to enjoy the recital very much. A citizen who had bought from another a negro man, brought suit to recover damages for a breach of contract. This contract was in writing and, among other conditions, warranted the negro to