A Handbook of Tropical Soil Biology: Sampling and Characterization of Below-ground BiodiversityFatima M. S. Moreira, David Edward Bignell, E. Jereon Huising This practical handbook describes sampling and laboratory assessment methods for the biodiversity of a number of key functional groups of soil organisms, including insects, earthworms, nematodes, fungi and bacteria. The methods have been assembled and the protocols drafted by a number of scientists associated with the UNEP-GEF funded Conservation and Sustainable Management of Below-Ground Biodiversity Project, executed by the Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility (TSBF) Institute of the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT).The methods provide a standardized basis for characterizing soil biodiversity and current land uses in terrestrial natural, semi-natural and agroecosystems in tropical forests and at forest margins. The aim is to assess soil biodiversity against current and historic land use practices both at plot and landscape scales and, further, to identify opportunities for improved sustainable land management through the introduction, management or remediation of soil biota, thus reducing the need for external inputs such as fertilizers and pesticides. The book also contains extensive advice on the handling of specimens and the allocation of organisms to strain or functional group type.Published with TSBF-CIAT, CTA, UNEP and GEF |
Contents
Concepts and General Guidelines | 1 |
Chapter 2 Sampling Strategy and Design to Evaluate Belowground Biodiversity | 17 |
Chapter 3 Macrofauna | 43 |
Chapter 4 Soil Collembola Acari and Other Mesofauna The Berlese Method | 85 |
Chapter 5 Soil Nematodes | 97 |
Chapter 6 Nitrogenfixing Leguminosaenodulating Bacteria | 107 |
Chapter 7 Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi AMF | 131 |
Chapter 8 Saprophytic and Plant Pathogenic Soil Fungi | 149 |
Chapter 9 Sampling Conserving and Identifying Fruit Flies | 175 |
Chapter 10 Entomopathogenic Fungi and Nematodes | 179 |
Chapter 11 Description and Classification of Land Use at Sampling Locations for the Inventory of Belowground Biodiversity | 185 |
213 | |
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Common terms and phrases
abundance agar agricultural analysis ants Applied assessment bacteria baits beetles below-ground biodiversity Bignell biological biomass Bradyrhizobium cent characteristics classification cultivation culture dilution diversity earthworms Ecology ecosystem engineers ecosystem services Eggleton entomopathogenic example extraction fallow Fertility field forest functional groups fungal fungal communities genera genus germinal wall gradient grid hyphae identification insects International Journal inventory isolation Isoptera Journal of Systematic land use classes land use intensity landscape Lavelle legume litter locations macrofauna mesofauna methods microbial Microbiology molecular monolith Moreira mycorrhizal fungi nematodes NFLNB nodules number of sampling nutrient Oligochaeta pest Phylum pitfall traps plastic plot rhizobia Rhizobium roots sampling points saprotrophic sequencing sieve soil biodiversity Soil Biology soil biota soil fungi soil organisms soil sample spatial specimens spore spore wall structure Systematic Bacteriology taxonomic Technical attribute techniques Tephritidae termites Termitidae transect Trappe tree tropical vegetation