Essentials of Materials Science

alloy aluminum amount annealing anodic applied atoms austenite band behavior bonding boron brittle Burgers vector calculate carbon CaSiO3 cathodic ceramic chain chemical coefficient component composition concentration cooling copper corrosion crack crystal structure crystalline curve decreases diffraction diffusion direction dislocation line ductile elastic electrical electrons energy equilibrium eutectic eutectoid example fibers Figure flux fraction fracture glass grain boundaries hardening heat high temperatures increase initial interface ionic ions iron layer liquid martensite materials matrix mechanism melting metal microstructure molecule n-type N/m² NaCl nucleation occurs oxide particles pearlite percent phase diagram plastic deformation polyethylene polymer polystyrene produced properties quenching reaction recrystallization region resistance room temperature Schematic illustration Self-check semiconductor shear stress shown in Fig silicon sintering SiO2 slip plane solid solution solidification specimen steel strain surface Table tensile tensile stress testing thermal tion transformation typical vacancies valence valence band welding x-ray yield strength