Biology, Pages 274-287

abnormal active addition affected Alterations Alterations of chromosome aneuploid autosomes behavior of chromosomes body color called cell Chapter characters chromatid chromosomal basis chromosome number chromosome theory combinations Concept correlation corresponding crosses crossover deletion determination different chromosomes dihybrid disorders distances Drosophila duplication early embryo evidence example experiments express female fertilization Figure flies follow four fragment fruit fly gamete Genes located genetic gives half heterozygous homologous chromosomes humans inactivation independent assortment indicate individuals inheritance learned linkage map linked genes located loci locus male mammal mated meiosis Mendel missing Morgan nondisjunction normal observed occurs offspring pair parental patterns phenotype physical basis plant present produced protein receives recessive allele recombination frequency red eyes Researchers seed segregation sex chromosomes Sex-linked genes shows single specific specific gene structure Sturtevant Subsequent suggested tend term testcross tortoiseshell trait usually varieties white eyes wild-type X chromosome zygote