12. The European people were very anxious to ascertain this, in order to send their ships down the river if it were possible; but no one was willing to undertake so dangerous an enterprise, till Mungo Park said he would go, and brave all the dangers and endure all the hardships, if they would provide him with a fleet of ships and a sufficient number of men.

13. They set out, and, as was expected, they met with numerous difficulties; for all the men who went with him died, and he almost starved for want of food. Everything he had was stolen from him by the natives. He returned to Europe, and being not at all daunted by his first failure, determined to embark again. So another fleet was provided, as well as provision for the journey. He lived to see all his men, but two or three, killed or taken away by disease. He was then taken captive or killed by a tribe of savages, while sailing on the river Niger.

14. Some may say that he was guided by Approbativeness-that he was desirous of fame and glory; be that as it may, if he had not possessed large Firmness, which gave him energy, resolution, and decision of character, he could never have endured what he did. But his Firmness caused him to say, "I will go; yea, die, I will go;" and go he did, and died on his favorite stream, but not till he had gained considerable information on the subject which he had so much at heart.

if I

15. Napoleon Bonaparte is another instance of large

12. Why were the European people interested in this river? What was the offer of Mungo Park? 13. What was their success? What did he then do? What became of the second fleet? What was his own fate? 14. What enabled this noble man to endure so many hardships? What language did his Firmness dictate? What did he gain?

Firmness. He was an obscure boy when young, but had an uncommon amount of perseverance, by which he rose from one station to another, till finally his name was borne on the breezes of the nation as Emperor of France; and at one time nearly the whole of Europe was shaken by his name; and, if his ambition had not been too excessive, he would have been contented with a measure of fame, and never have lost his crown and been banished to the lonely isle of Helena, to waste away his aays. He is represented in the cut, at the commencement of this organ, with some of his generals, all equipped for an engagement.

16. Robert Bruce had large Firmness, and much perseverance. He had been defeated again and again, and was almost discouraged, and was about to surrender himself to the enemy. One day he laid himself down on his bed, and was meditating on the sad state of his affairs, and thinking of the prospects of the future, when he observed a spider weaving her web on the ceiling.

17. He noticed that as often as the spider attached the thread to the farther end, the thread broke, but still the spider tried again. Robert was so pleased with the spider's efforts that he forgot his own misfortunes. He counted the times that the spider tried to fasten her web. When she had failed the sixth time, he recollected that he had been defeated just six times. Said he, "If she tries again and succeeds, I will try again to regain my lost fortunes."

15. Who is another instance of large Firmness? What is said of him? What would have been the result if his ambition had been less? How is he represented in the cut? 16. Who is another instance of this organ? What is said of his success, and what did he do? 17. What observations did he make on the spider? How did this affect him?

18. The spider tried again, succeeded, and Robert Bruce left his couch with new resolutions. He rallied around him a few chosen spirits who were his warm and devoted friends, and went into the field of battle. The tide of success turned in his favor, and he was ever afterward fortunate. He possessed perseverance, and although he had often been defeated, yet he persevered till he finally succeeded in his efforts.

19. There are many rich and intelligent men who were poor and ragged when children, but who, by perseverance, have become distinguished men in society, highly respected and esteemed.

20. Inebriates, who break off from their cups, require much Firmness to sustain them in their good resolutions; and the reason that so many become intemperate after they have signed the pledge, is, because they have not decision enough to refuse to drink with their friends, or because their Adhesiveness or Approbativeness is larger than their Firmness; yet this is no excuse for them, for if they are conscious that they are easily influenced by their friends, they should try to cultivate this organ of Firmness, and guard against temptation.

21. Some of our most noble buildings, the works of art, the great pyramids of the ancient world, the temples, castles, and churches, have resulted from the development of this organ, in those who built them.

22. With Firmness, I finish the description of the

18. What determination did he make? In what way did he keep his resolutions? What was his peculiar trait of character? 19. What is true respecting many of our distinguished members of society? 20. Who especially require Firmness? Why do many break the pledge? Why are these reasons no excuse for them? 21. What are some of the works of art which have resulted from Firmness? 22. What general remarks are

made of these selfish sentiments?

selfish sentiments; and you can see that, although the exercise of them can produce selfishness, yet they are capable of a higher office than the selfish propensities. We were created social beings, and it is both our privilege and duty to exercise these social organs in a proper manner.

23. We were also created selfish beings; for we have an animal nature, and its corresponding wants, which must be gratified. We must eat, and exercise our Alimentiveness; we must find something to eat by calling to our aid Acquisitiveness; we must also use our Cautiousness, to warn us of the approach of danger, and to bid us take thought for our future wants; we use our Approbativeness to make us polite, affable, and careful of injuring the feelings of others; we use our Self-Esteem to make us independent, manly, and dignified; and, finally, we use our Firmness to give us decision of character, perseverance, and stability. These organs are all given us for a good purpose; and if we do not abuse these faculties, we shall be doing only what our Creator intended for us to do, to nourish and support our bodies by their use.

22. What is said of our social nature? 23. What is said of our selfish nature? For what do we need these different selfish organs? In what way can we do what our Creator intended that we should?

DEFINITION-Regard for duty; justice; sense of moral obligation, and the right and wrong of actions. LOCATION-Conscientiousness is situated on each side of Firmness.

1. THERE is an element of mind within us that is called conscience. There is also a portion of brain which corresponds to this element. Every one has this monitor, which watches over all his actions, and speaks in tones almost audible, to inform him when he has done right or wrong.

What is the subject of chapter fifth? What is the definition of Conscientiousness? What is its location? 1. What element do we possess? What corresponds to this? Is this monitor confined to a few?