Women in South African History: They Remove Boulders and Cross Rivers

active activists African women Afrikaner amaXhosa apartheid Archives argued became Black Sash black women Bloemfontein Boer British campaign camps Cape Town cattle century challenge chapter colonial coloured context culture Dingane discourse Dobsonville domestic domestic workers Eastern Cape economic enslaved experiences farm father female feminism feminist forms FSAR gender groups HIV/AIDS husband identity interview involved issues Johannesburg Khoekhoe labour leaders leadership lives London Mafeking Makhanda male Martha masculinity Masina memory military Mmapula mother movement Natal nationalist Nongqawuse nurses Nxele oppression passes patriarchal peace PEWO police political Port Elizabeth Pretoria protest racial relationship resistance role Sarah Bartmann sexual Shaka slave women slavery social society South Africa southern Africa struggle Thoko township trade unions traditional Transvaal underground University Press urban violence Walker Webb & Wright woman women's organisations workers Xhosa Xhosaland young women Zulu