Hydroprocessing of Heavy Oils and ResiduaJorge Ancheyta, James G. Speight Many oil refineries employ hydroprocessing for removing sulfur and other impurities from petroleum feedstocks. Capable of handling heavier feedstocks than other refining techniques, hydroprocessing enables refineries to produce higher quality products from unconventional- and formerly wasted- sources. Hydroprocessing of Heavy Oils and Residua |
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Page 21
... temperature. Over the temperature range of 30 to 130°C (85 to 265°F) there is a density–water inversion in which the bitumen is lighter than water. Flotation of the bitumen (with aeration) on the water is facilitated — hence the logic ...
... temperature. Over the temperature range of 30 to 130°C (85 to 265°F) there is a density–water inversion in which the bitumen is lighter than water. Flotation of the bitumen (with aeration) on the water is facilitated — hence the logic ...
Page 22
... temperature at which the determination is made because the temperature of the calibrated receiving flask used in the Saybolt method is not the same as that of the oil. Conversion factors are used to convert kinematic viscosity from 2 to ...
... temperature at which the determination is made because the temperature of the calibrated receiving flask used in the Saybolt method is not the same as that of the oil. Conversion factors are used to convert kinematic viscosity from 2 to ...
Page 23
... temperature characteristics of any oil, so plotted, thus create a straight line, and the parameters A and B are equivalent to the intercept and slope of the line. To express the viscosity and viscosity– temperature characteristics of an ...
... temperature characteristics of any oil, so plotted, thus create a straight line, and the parameters A and B are equivalent to the intercept and slope of the line. To express the viscosity and viscosity– temperature characteristics of an ...
Page 25
... temperature (ASTM D-2766). Specific heats are extremely important engineering quantities in refinery practice because they are used in all calculations on heating and cooling petroleum products. Many measurements have been made on ...
... temperature (ASTM D-2766). Specific heats are extremely important engineering quantities in refinery practice because they are used in all calculations on heating and cooling petroleum products. Many measurements have been made on ...
Page 27
... temperatures for a particular solvent after which the data are extrapolated to room temperature (Speight et al., 1985; Speight, 1987). In this manner, different solvents are employed and the molecular weight of a petroleum fraction ...
... temperatures for a particular solvent after which the data are extrapolated to room temperature (Speight et al., 1985; Speight, 1987). In this manner, different solvents are employed and the molecular weight of a petroleum fraction ...
Contents
1 | |
15 | |
35 | |
Chapter 4 Thermodynamics of Hydroprocessing Reactions | 51 |
Chapter 5 Reactors for Hydroprocessing | 71 |
Chapter 6 Characteristics of Heavy Oil Hydroprocessing Catalysts | 121 |
Chapter 7 Maya Heavy Crude Oil Hydroprocessing Catalysts | 191 |
Chapter 8 Effect of Feedstock Composition on the Performance of Hydroconversion Catalysts | 239 |
Chapter 9 Hydroprocesses | 259 |
Chapter 10 Commercial Hydrotreating and Hydrocracking | 281 |
Chapter 11 Hydrogen Production | 313 |
Index | 339 |
Back cover | 347 |
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Hydroprocessing of Heavy Oils and Residua Jorge Ancheyta Juárez,James G. Speight No preview available - 2020 |
Common terms and phrases
acid activity adsorption alumina Ancheyta API gravity Appl aromatic asphaltene molecules asphaltenes ASTM bitumen carbon Catal catalyst catalyst bed catalyst deactivation catalyst particles characterization Chem chemical coke formation composition conversion cracking desulfurization diesel ebullated-bed effect Energy Fuels equilibrium constants feedstock Figure fixed-bed fractions fresh catalyst Furimsky gas oil heavy crude oil heavy feeds heavy feedstocks heavy oil hydrocarbon hydrocracking hydrodemetallization hydrodesulfurization hydrogen sulfide hydroprocessing catalysts hydroprocessing of heavy hydrotreaters hydrotreating catalysts increase kinetics liquid Maity Massoth Maya crude method middle distillates molecular weight naphtha nickel NiMo nitrogen oils and residua operation oxides partial pressure permission Petrol petroleum phase pore diameter pore volume quench Rana reaction reactor recycle gas refinery refining removal residuum Speight spent catalyst steam reforming sulfur surface area synthesis gas Technol Technology temperature textural properties thermal thermodynamic Today units upgrading vanadium viscosity zeolites
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Page 7 - The several rock types that contain an extremely viscous hydrocarbon which is not recoverable in its natural state by conventional oil well production methods including currently used enhanced recovery techniques.